Cardiopulmonary System
Overview
This honor focuses on both the heart and lungs, and the vital role they play in providing our body with oxygen, through cellular respiration. This honor provides the ability for youth to get a hands-on, practical experience when looking at these organs, giving them the ability to perform dissections and grow their learning.
Requirements
1. What makes up the respiratory tract?
2. What muscles are involved in breathing?
3. Explain how changes in pressure help us breathe in and out. How do these pressure changes happen?
4. What can make it hard for air to flow in our lungs? How can problems in the shape of our lungs or sicknesses cause this?
5. Demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of the following medical prefixes and suffixes by giving their meaning:
- a. Hypo-
- b. Hyper-
- c. A- (an-)
- d. Tachye-
- e. Brady-
- f. Pneumo-
- g. -pnoea
- h. -itis
- i. -thoracic
6. Choose seven medical terms from the list below and give their meanings.
- a. Eupnoea
- b. Dyspnoea
- c. Apnoea
- d. Hyperpnoea
- e. Hypopnoea
- f. Orthopnoea
- g. Tachypnoea
- h. Bradypnoea
- i. Hyperventilation
- j. Hypoventilation
- k. Respiratory arrest
- l. Dead space
7. Choose three lung problems from the list. Tell how they make it hard for someone to breathe and what might happen if they don’t get treated.
- a. Pneumothorax
- b. Asthma
- c. Pulmonary embolism
- d. COVID-19
- e. Pneumonia
- f. Tuberculosis
- g. Lung cancer
- h. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- i. Pleural effusion
- j. Bronchiectasis
8. Safely participate in a dissection of a lung, observing and discussing the following:
- a. Where in the lung respiration takes place
- b. The reason for different textures being present in the lung (e.g., lung tissue vs. trachea)
- c. The change of airway size based on location
- d. How airway size changes based on its location
- e. How pathologies from requirement 7 interact with the lung tissue
9. Discuss how Paul’s message in 1 Corinthians 12 can relate to how the heart and lungs operate together.
Answer key & resources
In other territories
The equivalent honor approved by other authorities, with its own requirements:
Adapted from AY Honors/Cardiopulmonary System on the Pathfinder Wiki, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0. See the original page's history for its authors.
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